Research activities are conducted in the department aimed at the improvement and rational utilization of soil and water resources to ensure sustainability. This includes planning, operation, and management of irrigation systems using appropriate technologies, enhancing performance in irrigated agriculture, improving water use efficiency, reclaiming problematic soils such as saline and sodic soils for agricultural use, identifying and developing economical reclamation technologies, determining plant adaptation and selecting salt-tolerant plants in saline and alkali soils, identifying economic improvement methods to maintain desired salt balance in irrigated soils, optimizing irrigation and drainage systems, developing and calibrating computer models to reduce moisture and salinity risks in irrigated areas, selecting the most suitable crop varieties based on irrigation water quality, determining agricultural measures to achieve optimum yields, assessing the quality and usability of domestic, industrial, and wastewater as irrigation water sources, inventorying water quality and irrigation water resources, determining the use of low-quality waters for irrigation purposes. Additionally, research focuses on the use of renewable energy sources to promote rational use of scarce resources and widespread adoption of environmentally friendly energy efficiency systems, as well as the development of alternatives. Furthermore, research activities aim to identify appropriate techniques and methods for the use of limited water resources.